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Homelab Journal // Network Security Engineer

Wiki

Knowledge Base

Evergreen reference documentation organized by topic. Unlike blog posts, these pages are updated over time as I learn more.

Topics
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Security
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Next-gen firewall, XDR, certificates, and threat detection

Enterprise security at home: PA-440 firewall with App-ID and zone-based policies, Wazuh XDR for endpoint detection, automated certificate lifecycle management, and self-hosted Vaultwarden with dual-path traffic security.

Networking
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VLANs, high-availability DNS, firewalls, and reverse proxy architecture

5-VLAN network design with multi-tier DNS (firewall caching → Pi-hole HA → Cloudflare), Palo Alto PA-440 next-gen firewall, and dual reverse proxy architecture (Cloudflare Tunnel + Caddy HA).

Infrastructure
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Proxmox VE cluster, LXC containers, VMs, Docker, and backup strategies

4-node Proxmox cluster running 50+ LXC containers and VMs. Covers the deterministic VM ID naming convention, LXC vs Docker decisions, HA patterns with keepalived, and Proxmox Backup Server integration.

Automation
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n8n workflows, Semaphore CI/CD, scripts, and infrastructure as code

Event-driven automation with n8n, Ansible playbooks via Semaphore, standardized backup scripts, and GitOps deployment patterns. Includes Discord bot integration for conversational infrastructure management.

Observability
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Centralized logging with Graylog, uptime monitoring, alerting, and dashboards

Graylog 7 log aggregation with 5 processing pipelines and 13 dashboards. Dual Uptime Kuma instances for redundant availability monitoring. Discord-based alerting with fatigue prevention.

AI Tooling
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Claude Code architecture, agent patterns, and AI-assisted workflows

4-layer agentic architecture (Justfile → Commands → Skills → Agents), automated blog pipeline, and AI-augmented infrastructure operations with Claude Code.


Architecture Highlights
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Defense in Depth:

  • PA-440 firewall with App-ID and zone-based policies
  • Wazuh XDR for endpoint and container threat detection
  • Cloudflare Tunnel for authenticated external access
  • VLAN segmentation isolating IoT from servers

High Availability:

  • Pi-hole DNS: <15 second failover
  • Caddy reverse proxy: Shared certs via HA NFS
  • All critical services have redundancy

Observability:

  • Centralized logging captures firewall, DNS, proxy, and NAS
  • Uptime monitoring with 1-minute intervals for critical services
  • Discord notifications for all state changes

Automation:

  • GitOps: Configs in Git, deployed via Portainer/Semaphore
  • WUD (What’s Up Docker): Opt-in container update monitoring with Discord notifications
  • Scheduled power management: Non-essential VMs sleep overnight

AI Tooling

AI-augmented homelab operations, from multi-agent orchestration to automated content pipelines. This wiki documents how Claude Code and agentic patterns accelerate infrastructure work. 4-Layer Agentic Architecture # A framework for organizing AI-assisted automation into composable layers: Building a 4-Layer Agentic Architecture for Claude Code: Justfile, Commands, Skills, and Agents, where each layer has a single responsibility Skill Development # The Skills layer outgrew a folder of one-off scripts. It is now a curated collection of 60+ skills with a shared prefix: journaling, homelab health checks, code mentoring, adversarial review, and build-plan generation. Skills live in a central configuration repo and deploy to every machine via symlink, so a skill written on the laptop shows up in the homelab session an hour later.

Homelab Network Architecture

This homelab uses segmented networks, policy enforcement at the edge, and redundant services for the few components that would otherwise make a bad afternoon much worse. Architecture at a glance # The design separates management, infrastructure, isolated workloads, connected devices, and out-of-band administration. The firewall enforces the boundaries. Internal services use role-based names, and public access is mediated through an authenticated edge rather than direct exposure of individual workloads.

Automation

Automation is the backbone of my homelab. This wiki covers the tools, patterns, and workflows that keep 50+ services running with minimal manual intervention. Automation Stack # n8n Workflow Automation # n8n is my primary workflow automation platform—think Zapier/Make but self-hosted with full code access.

Observability

Visibility into 50+ services requires centralized logging, proactive alerting, and dashboards. This wiki covers my monitoring stack and the patterns that make it work. Monitoring Stack # Graylog Centralized Logging # Graylog is my log aggregation platform—collecting, processing, and visualizing logs from across the homelab.

Security

Enterprise security principles applied to a homelab. This wiki covers the layered security architecture — from next-gen firewall policies to XDR threat detection to certificate lifecycle automation. Firewall Architecture # The Palo Alto Networks PA-440 provides the network security foundation with App-ID, zone-based policies, and centralized logging. Full details in the Networking wiki — including security zones, VLAN trust levels, and DNS proxy configuration.

Infrastructure

My homelab runs on a 4-node Proxmox VE cluster hosting 50+ LXC containers and VMs. This wiki documents the architecture, conventions, and lessons learned. Proxmox Cluster Architecture # Cluster Specifications # Node Storage Type CPU RAM Primary Workloads Node 2 ssd-data LVM-thin 4 cores 16 GB PBS, Development Node 3 zdata ZFS 4 cores 32 GB Databases, DNS-Primary Node 5 ssd-data LVM-thin 4 cores 16 GB Graylog VM, DNS-Secondary Node 6 zdata ZFS 4 cores 32 GB Docker-Main, HA services Total Resources: